Learn the most important aspects about planning a trip to Mongolia in our Mongolia Travel Guide and start planning.
The Mongolia Travel Guide for 2025 is for everyone, who wants to arrange a memorable Mongolia trip without booking a ready Mongolia travel package from a travel agent. We let you independent travelers know about the most important aspects of any Mongolia trip planning and how you can get the most out of your Mongolia adventure.
Anyone can have an amazing time in Mongolia but keep in mind this unique destination requires a bit more research than a trip to a well established tourist destination and rule Number 1 is to book early! Everything – and there isn’t much to start with – is fully booked in the summer months!
You don’t want to plan a tour around Mongolia by yourself but still travel on your own?
Mongolia Travel Guide Pro advice: Check out the well designed ready itineraries for you to follow from MyCar.Rent here or jump to Chapter 9: Planning Your Perfect Mongolian Itinerary.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Mongolia
Mongolia, a landlocked country in Central Asia, is famous for its vast, rugged landscapes, nomadic culture, and deep historical roots dating back to the Mongol Empire. Known as the “Land of Eternal Blue Sky,” Mongolia boasts over 250 sunny days per year, making it a spectacular destination for travelers looking for adventure and cultural immersion.
Home to the Gobi Desert, towering Altai Mountains, pristine lakes, and endless steppes, Mongolia is a paradise for nature lovers and explorers. With a population of just over 3 million people—half of whom reside in the capital, Ulaanbaatar—the country maintains a strong connection to its nomadic heritage, with many families still living in traditional gers (yurts) and herding livestock.
This Mongolia travel guide for 2025 provides everything you need to know to explore Mongolia this year, from visa regulations and travel tips to the best attractions and itineraries.
Chapter 2: When to Visit Mongolia
Mongolia experiences extreme weather conditions, with frigid winters and warm summers. Understanding the seasons will help you determine the best time to visit Mongolia. Each season is unique and in contrast to other Mongolia Travel Travel guides we recommend all seasons for adventures travelers as it is interesting to see the nomadic lifestyle in each season.
1. Spring (March – May)
Early spring brings unpredictable weather, with lingering cold from winter and occasional dust storms. However, it’s an excellent time to witness baby livestock being born in nomadic communities. In Early March you can experience still winter and travel to the frozen Lake Khuvsgul in the far north. The weather gets fairly stable and warmer in the end of April or early May. South Mongolia and the Gobi Desert warms up first and Central Mongolia as well as Northern Mongolia a bit later. May is a very good travel month in spring with mild weather, little or no rain, nearly no tourists and very economical rates for flights, hotels and rental cars if booked early. In the Gobi Desert you should be prepared for windy conditions with wind resistant camping gear. Ger camps usually open some time in May for the summer season.
2. Summer (June – August)
The peak tourist season, summer offers warm temperatures, lush landscapes, and major festivals like Naadam. It’s the most popular time for trips to Mongolia and best time for trekking, horse riding, and exploring national parks especially in Northern Mongolia around Lake Khuvsgul. Flights, hotels and rental cars are always fully booked during the summer months, therefore if you plan to travel around Mongolia independently please follow the suggestion of this Mongolia Travel Guide and book everything early (5-8 months in advance!). The Gobi Desert is getting quite warm during these months and trips to Central, Western, Easter and Northern Mongolia are more comfortable.
3. Autumn (September – October)
With fewer tourists and pleasant temperatures, autumn is perfect for travelers who prefer quieter adventures. The golden hues of the steppe make it a photographer’s dream. Western Mongolia with its Altai Mountains and Eagle Hunters is a very popular and adventurous travel destination during this time of the year. Traveling to Western Mongolia requires good planning and making some arrangements in advance. Contact us at MyCar.Rent and we are happy to assist beyond what is described in this Mongolia Travel Guide.
4. Winter (November – February)
Winter in Mongolia is brutally cold, with temperatures plunging to -40°C (-40°F). However, if you’re up for an extreme experience, you can witness the breathtaking landscapes covered in snow and experience the traditional Ice Festival. Traveling to Mongolia in Winter requires good planning and making some arrangements in advance. Contact us at MyCar.Rent and we are happy to assist beyond what is described in this Mongolia Travel Guide.
Chapter 3: Festivals and Celebrations
Mongolia has a vibrant calendar of cultural festivals that highlight its nomadic traditions, sports, and religious customs.
Mongolia is home to a variety of fascinating festivals that showcase its deep-rooted traditions, nomadic heritage, and modern cultural evolution. Attending one of these events is an unforgettable way to experience Mongolia’s vibrant culture and history. While the Naadam Festival is well known and part of every Mongolia travel guide we recommend to have a look at all the other less known festivals as well.
Winter Golden Eagle Festival (Late February – Ulaanbaatar)
A smaller version of the main Golden Eagle Festival, this event is held in Ulaanbaatar during winter. It offers visitors a chance to see eagle hunting demonstrations without traveling to the remote Altai Mountains.
Tsagaan Sar (February – Mongolian Lunar New Year)
Tsagaan Sar is Mongolia’s most important traditional holiday, marking the beginning of the lunar new year. Families gather for large feasts featuring buuz (steamed dumplings) and milk tea, exchange gifts, and pay respect to elders. This festival is very inspiring and shows the strong bond of families and friends. It is often not highlighted in Mongolia Travel Guides but we do highly recommend to visit a nomadic family during this time. You will see the traditions and a wide range of Mongolian food.
Ice Festival (March – Lake Khövsgöl)
This unique festival takes place on the frozen surface of Lake Khövsgöl. Participants compete in ice sumo wrestling, ice skating, dog sledding, and horse sled races. The event celebrates the traditions of the Tsaatan reindeer herders and the pristine beauty of Mongolia’s northernmost province.
Camel Festival (March – Bulgan, Gobi Desert)
The Thousand Camel Festival in the Gobi Desert promotes camel husbandry and traditional Mongolian culture. The highlight is camel racing, where herders race their two-humped Bactrian camels across the desert. Visitors can also witness camel polo, folk performances, and craft exhibitions.
Naadam Festival (July 11-13)
Naadam is Mongolia’s most famous festival and a national holiday celebrated across the country. Known as the “Three Manly Games,” it features wrestling, horse racing, and archery competitions. The largest celebration takes place in Ulaanbaatar’s National Sports Stadium, with regional Naadam festivals occurring in provinces throughout Mongolia. While most Mongolia Travel Guide books recommend to visit the Naadam Festival in Ulaanbaatar, we believe the best and most authentic Naadam festivals are the provincial Naadam events outside Ulaanbaatar. These festivals are a lot less stressful to visit with horse racing, wrestling and archery venues near to each other.
The local Naadam festival are easy to attend to unlike the Naadam Opening Ceremony in Ulaanbaatar, which requires you to have a lot of luck and local organizational skills to get a nice ticket to. Local Naadam festivals are also a lot cheaper to attend as you can avoid the costly hotels with their peak season pricing in mid July in Ulaanbaatar. The provincial Naadam is on different dates in each province, so research in advance which province you will be traveling to and when they will host their Naadam.
Deeltei Mongol Festival (July – Ulaanbaatar)
Dedicated to Mongolia’s traditional clothing, this festival sees thousands of Mongolians wearing their colorful deels (traditional robes) and participating in parades, fashion shows, and cultural performances.
Yak Festival (July – Orkhon Valley)
This festival, held in the Orkhon Valley, celebrates Mongolia’s beloved yaks. Events include yak racing, yak polo, and traditional Mongolian games.
Playtime Music Festival (July – Ulaanbaatar)
Mongolia’s largest modern music festival, Playtime features local and international rock, indie, and electronic artists. The event attracts a young and energetic crowd and is a great place to experience Mongolia’s emerging contemporary music scene.
Nomadic Culture Festival (August – Various Locations)
This festival highlights Mongolia’s nomadic heritage with horse races, archery contests, throat singing performances, and displays of traditional craftsmanship. One of the most well-known versions of this festival is Dashig Naadam, which takes place in Ulaanbaatar and other provincial locations. It typically occurs in mid-August and features cultural performances, wrestling, and nomadic lifestyle demonstrations.
Shaman Festival (July – Lake Khövsgöl)
This spiritual festival, held on the shores of Lake Khövsgöl, is dedicated to Mongolia’s shamanic traditions. Shamans from various ethnic groups gather to perform ancient rituals, communicate with spirits, and conduct blessings for visitors. The festival offers a rare insight into Mongolia’s indigenous spiritual practices.
Spirit of Gobi Festival (August – Gobi Desert)
A unique blend of music, art, and desert adventure, this festival is held in the vast Gobi Desert. It combines traditional Mongolian folk music with electronic music and immersive cultural experiences.
Golden Eagle Festival (First Weekend of October – Bayan Ulgii)
Held in Bayan-Ölgii province, the Golden Eagle Festival showcases the skills of Kazakh eagle hunters. The event features competitions where hunters demonstrate their eagle’s speed, agility, and accuracy, alongside traditional Kazakh music, dance, and horseback archery.
Ulaanbaatar International Film Festival (October – Ulaanbaatar)
Celebrating Mongolia’s growing film industry, this festival screens international and local films, including documentaries and independent cinema.
These festivals offer a unique opportunity to experience the traditions, customs, and vibrant spirit of Mongolia throughout the year.
Chapter 4: Getting to Mongolia
Mongolia is accessible by air and land, with several international connections.
1. By Air
Chinggis Khaan International Airport (UBN) in Ulaanbaatar is Mongolia’s main international gateway. Major airlines flying to Mongolia include:
- MIAT Mongolian Airlines (flights to/from Germany, South Korea, Hong Kong, Japan, China, and Turkey)
- Turkish Airlines (flights from Istanbul)
- Korean Air (flights from Seoul)
- Delta Airlines (flights from the USA)
- Air China (flights from Beijing)
- Aeroflot (flights from Moscow)
2. By Train
The Trans-Siberian Railway connects Mongolia with Russia and China. The train journey from Beijing to Ulaanbaatar is a popular choice for travelers.
Contact us if you have questions about your travel arrangements and details that are not covered in this Mongolia Travel Guide for 2025.
Chapter 5: Essential Travel Tips
1. Visa Requirements
Many nationalities no longer require a visa to enter Mongolia. Check the latest visa regulations on Mongolian Consular Services.
2. Currency & Money Exchange
- The local currency is the Mongolian Tugrik (MNT).
- ATMs have withdrawal limits, so it’s recommended to bring USD or EUR for exchange.
- The best exchange rates can be found at local banks or black-market money exchanges on Peace Avenue and Seoul Street.
3. Emergency Numbers
- Police: 102
- Ambulance: 103
- Fire Department: 101
4. Travel Insurance
It’s essential to have travel insurance. Recommended providers include:
- Hanse Merkur
- World Nomads
- Allianz Travel Insurance
- SafetyWing
Chapter 6: Historical Sites: Tracing Mongolia’s Past
Mongolia is rich in history, from the time of Genghis Khan to its Buddhist heritage. Travelers can visit historical sites that offer a glimpse into Mongolia’s fascinating past.
1. Karakorum
The ancient capital of the Mongol Empire, Karakorum, is home to the famous Erdene Zuu Monastery, one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in Mongolia.
2. Orkhon Valley
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this valley holds the remnants of ancient civilizations and offers stunning landscapes and historical significance.
3. Genghis Khan Statue Complex
Located east of Ulaanbaatar, this massive statue of Genghis Khan is one of Mongolia’s most iconic landmarks.
In chapter 15 of this Mongolia Travel Guide you will find detailed itineraries covering these locations.
Chapter 7: Mongolia’s Stunning National Parks
Mongolia is home to some of the most breathtaking and diverse national parks in the world, offering unique landscapes, incredible biodiversity, and opportunities for adventure and relaxation.
1. Terelj National Park
Located just 70 km from Ulaanbaatar, this park is known for its stunning rock formations, lush valleys, and nomadic culture. Highlights include Turtle Rock, Aryabal Monastery, and opportunities for horseback riding and hiking.
2. Hustai National Park
Famous for the reintroduction of the wild Przewalski’s horse, Hustai National Park offers excellent wildlife viewing, including deer, foxes, and eagles.
3. Altai Tavan Bogd National Park
Situated in western Mongolia, this remote park features Mongolia’s highest peaks, glaciers, and Kazakh eagle hunters. It’s a paradise for trekkers and adventure seekers.
In chapter 15 of this Mongolia Travel Guide you will find detailed itineraries covering these locations.
Chapter 8: Nomadic Culture and Ger Camps
Mongolia’s nomadic culture is at the heart of its identity, with over a third of the population living a traditional lifestyle. Staying in a ger camp is the best way to experience this firsthand.
1. What is a Ger?
A ger is a traditional Mongolian yurt, a circular felt-covered dwelling designed to withstand extreme weather conditions.
2. Experiencing Nomadic Life
Travelers can stay with nomadic families, learning about their way of life, herding livestock, and tasting homemade dairy products such as airag (fermented mare’s milk).
3. Best Ger Camps in Mongolia
- Toilogt Ger Camp (Lake Khövsgöl) – Offers stunning views of Mongolia’s largest freshwater lake.
- Mongol Nomadic Camp (Near Ulaanbaatar) – Focuses on preserving traditional nomadic customs.
- Ayanchin Lodge (Near Ulaanbaatar in Terelj National Park)– Lodge and modern Ger camp located in the hear of Terelj National Park
- Gobi Waterfall Camp (South of Ulaanbaatar on the way to the Gobi) – Ger camp nested in the rocks of Bagaa Gazriin Chuluu
- Seven Nuuga (Half Way between Ulaanbaatar and Khuvsgul Lake north of Erdenet) – This modern ger camp is situated on top of a mountain overlooking a stunning river bed. The camp is easy to reach by a modern paved road but located in an untouched nature surrounding.
- Yeruu Lodge (Situated North of Ulaanbaatar close to the Russian border in Selenge) – This Ger Camp with a Scandinavian touch is located near a picturesque river bed and about half a day drive on highway from Ulaanbaatar.
Chapter 9: Planning Your Perfect Mongolian Itinerary
Mongolia offers a variety of experiences, and planning the perfect trip depends on your interests and time available.
Discover the highlights of Mongolia on this interactive Mongolia map for tourists and avoid these pitfalls when planning a route: Underestimating distances and frequently changing driving speed due to changing road conditions, never schedule to drive in the late afternoon to night, don’t plan to see all of Mongolia in one go but rather enjoy some areas well.
The following route suggestions in this Mongolia Travel Guide are ideal for your trip to Mongolia in 2025:
1. One-Week Itinerary Mongolian Adventure Route – 7 Days
- Day 1: Terelj National Park – Start your adventure latest by lunchtime by heading directly from the airport (or downtown Ulaanbaatar) to the Terelj National Park, where you’ll explore Turtle Rock and Aryabal Temple. Visit the Chinggis Khan Statue Complex before spending the night in a comfortable hotel surrounded by nature.
- Day 2: Hustai National Park – Visit a small Naadam festival and taste traditional Mongolian food for lunch. In the late afternoon, explore Hustai National Park, drive around for wildlife spotting, and enjoy hiking or horseback riding. Stay in a ger camp to experience traditional nomadic culture.
- Day 3: Kharkhorin – Visit the Erdene Zuu Monastery and Kharkhorin Museum, then relax at a comfortable hotel.
- Day 4: Khujirt SPA – Unwind at Khan Khujirt Wellness Center, famous for its mud baths and mineral springs. Enjoy locally prepared meals.
- Day 5: Red Waterfalls – Travel to Orkhon Valley to see the Red Waterfalls, take a guided horseback ride, and camp under the stars.
- Day 6: “Small” Gobi Elsen Tasarkhai Sand Dunes – Explore the rolling dunes, visit a camel-herding family, and spend the night in a ger camp.
- Day 7: Batkhaan Mountain Reserve & Ulaanbaatar – Hike through Batkhaan Mountain Reserve before returning to Ulaanbaatar.
With careful planning, travelers can make the most of their time in Mongolia while experiencing its diverse landscapes and rich traditions.
2. Two-Week Itinerary Mongolian Adventure Route – 14 Days
- Day 1: Ulaanbaatar – Explore Ulaanbaatar’s top attractions, including Sukhbaatar Square, Gandantegchinlen Monastery, and the National Museum of Mongolia. Enjoy an evening cultural show with traditional music and throat singing.
- Day 2: Selenge Province – Yeruu Lodge – Travel north to Selenge Province and stay at the scenic Yeruu Lodge. Enjoy fishing, hiking, and horseback riding along the Yeruu River.
- Day 3: Amarbayasgalant Monastery – Visit one of Mongolia’s most important Buddhist monasteries, Amarbayasgalant, set in a stunning valley surrounded by rolling hills.
- Day 4: Seven Nugaa Resort (Bulgan Province) – Relax at this unique resort, featuring natural hot springs and wellness facilities in the heart of Bulgan province.
- Day 5-6: Lake Khövsgöl – Spend two days at Mongolia’s “Blue Pearl,” enjoying hiking, boating, and interacting with local reindeer herders.
- Day 7: Bulgan – Experience the rural beauty of Bulgan province, known for its rich history and breathtaking landscapes.
- Day 8: Ugii Lake – Visit this serene lake, perfect for birdwatching, fishing, and relaxation by the water.
- Day 9: Kharkhorin – Explore the ancient capital of the Mongol Empire, visiting the Erdene Zuu Monastery and Kharkhorin Museum.
- Day 10: Khujirt Spa – Unwind at Khan Khujirt Wellness Center, famous for its therapeutic mud baths and mineral springs.
- Day 11: Red Waterfalls (Orkhon Valley) – Journey to the stunning Orkhon Valley to witness the Red Waterfalls, take a guided horseback ride, and camp under the stars.
- Day 12: “Small” Gobi Elsen Tasarkhai Sand Dunes – Experience the shifting dunes, visit a camel-herding family, and stay overnight in a traditional ger camp.
- Day 13: Khustai National Park & Mongol Nomadic Camp – Witness the wild Przewalski’s horses in Khustai National Park and enjoy a mini Naadam festival with Mongolian wrestling, archery, and horse racing.
- Day 14: Ulaanbaatar – Return to the capital for last-minute shopping at Gobi Cashmere on Sukhbaatar Square and enjoy a farewell dinner featuring Mongolian barbecue.
With careful planning, travelers can make the most of their time in Mongolia while experiencing its diverse landscapes and rich traditions.
3. Three-Week Itinerary Mongolian North to South Route – 21 Days
Mongolian Adventure Route – 21 Days
- Day 1: Ulaanbaatar – Explore Ulaanbaatar’s top attractions, including Sukhbaatar Square, Gandantegchinlen Monastery, and the National Museum of Mongolia. Enjoy an evening cultural show with traditional music and throat singing.
- Day 2: Selenge Province – Yeruu Lodge – Travel north to Selenge Province and stay at the scenic Yeruu Lodge. Enjoy fishing, hiking, and horseback riding along the Yeruu River.
- Day 3: Amarbayasgalant Monastery – Visit one of Mongolia’s most important Buddhist monasteries, Amarbayasgalant, set in a stunning valley surrounded by rolling hills.
- Day 4: Seven Nugaa Resort (Bulgan Province) – Relax at this unique resort, featuring natural hot springs and wellness facilities in the heart of Bulgan province.
- Day 5-6: Lake Khövsgöl – Spend two days at Mongolia’s “Blue Pearl,” enjoying hiking, boating, and interacting with local reindeer herders.
- Day 7: Bulgan – Experience the rural beauty of Bulgan province, known for its rich history and breathtaking landscapes.
- Day 8: Ugii Lake – Visit this serene lake, perfect for birdwatching, fishing, and relaxation by the water.
- Day 9: Kharkhorin – Explore the ancient capital of the Mongol Empire, visiting the Erdene Zuu Monastery and Kharkhorin Museum.
- Day 10: Khujirt Spa – Unwind at Khan Khujirt Wellness Center, famous for its therapeutic mud baths and mineral springs.
- Day 11: Red Waterfalls (Orkhon Valley) – Journey to the stunning Orkhon Valley to witness the Red Waterfalls, take a guided horseback ride, and camp under the stars.
- Day 12: “Small” Gobi Elsen Tasarkhai Sand Dunes – Experience the shifting dunes, visit a camel-herding family, and stay overnight in a traditional ger camp.
- Day 13: Khustai National Park & Mongol Nomadic Camp – Witness the wild Przewalski’s horses in Khustai National Park and enjoy a mini Naadam festival with Mongolian wrestling, archery, and horse racing.
- Day 14: Baga Gazriin Chuluu – Journey into the granite rock formations of Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an otherworldly landscape in Mongolia’s heartland.
- Day 15: Dalanzadgad – Travel to Dalanzadgad, the gateway to the Gobi Desert, and prepare for desert explorations.
- Day 16: Yolin Am Ice Fields – Explore the breathtaking Yolin Am ice fields on horseback, visiting a nomadic family along the way.
- Day 17: Khongor Sand Dunes – Witness the towering Khongor Sand Dunes, ride camels, and enjoy panoramic desert views.
- Day 18: Bayanzag Flaming Cliffs – Discover the Flaming Cliffs, famous for their red sandstone formations and dinosaur fossils.
- Day 19: White Stupa (Tsagaan Suvarga) – Marvel at the dramatic rock formations of White Stupa, resembling an ancient ruined city.
- Day 20: Terelj National Park & Chinggis Khaan Statue – Visit the stunning Terelj National Park and the iconic Chinggis Khaan Statue before heading back to Ulaanbaatar.
- Day 21: Departure from Ulaanbaatar International Airport – Wrap up your Mongolian adventure and catch your flight home.
With careful planning, travelers can make the most of their time in Mongolia while experiencing its diverse landscapes and rich traditions.
Chapter 10: Exploring Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia’s capital and largest city, is the cultural, economic, and political heart of the country. It blends modern developments with centuries-old traditions, making it a fascinating starting point for any Mongolian adventure. This chapter explores the top attractions, experiences, and practical travel tips for exploring Ulaanbaatar.
Avoid this pitfall when landing in Mongolia and visiting Ulaanbaatar:
Traffic in Ulaanbaatar during the day (8AM to 7PM) is usually very bad. Driving from the airport into the city to the hotel often takes 2-3 hours during the rush hour and moving around during the day within the city within a car is very slow.
Mongolia Travel Guide Pro Advice:
- Whenever possible try to land in Mongolia at the Ulaanbaatar Airport very early or late. This will save you from a long car ride after a long flight.
- Consider taking a rental car directly from the airport and drive to a first destination in Mongolia’s beautiful countryside. Terelj National Park is nearby and has many nice hotels, lodges and camps. Furthermore you can stock up for your trip on the way at the supermarkets. You can also head directly to Khustai Nuruu National Park and stay nearby or head straight south from the airport located in the south of Ulaanbaatar towards the Gobi. There are several nice locations in a few hours drive.
- Schedule time to visit Ulaanbaatar in the end of your trip before your departure. You will enjoy the comfort of modern hotels and restaurants. The time also is a security buffer in case you have any complications along your trip and you are arriving a bit later to Ulaanbaatar.
Top Attractions in Ulaanbaatar
1. Gandan Monastery
One of the most important Buddhist sites in Mongolia, Gandan Monastery is home to a magnificent 26-meter tall statue of Migjid Janraisig. The monastery remains an active place of worship, where visitors can witness daily prayers and rituals.
2. Sukhbaatar Square
The central square of Ulaanbaatar is a significant historical and cultural landmark. Named after Damdin Sukhbaatar, the leader of Mongolia’s 1921 revolution, the square is surrounded by key government buildings and features an impressive statue of Genghis Khan.
3. The National Museum of Mongolia
For those interested in Mongolian history, this museum provides an in-depth look at the country’s past, from prehistoric times to the Mongol Empire and modern Mongolia. Exhibits include traditional clothing, weapons, and artifacts from nomadic life.
4. Zaisan Memorial
Perched on a hill south of Ulaanbaatar, the Zaisan Memorial offers panoramic views of the city. Built to honor Soviet-Mongolian friendship, the monument features murals depicting historical events.
5. Bogd Khan Winter Palace Museum
Once the residence of Mongolia’s last living monarch, the Bogd Khan Winter Palace showcases royal artifacts, Buddhist art, and personal belongings of the Bogd Khan.
Shopping and Local Markets
For those looking to buy traditional Mongolian products, Ulaanbaatar offers a variety of shopping options:
- State Department Store: A mix of modern and traditional goods, including cashmere clothing, souvenirs, and handicrafts.
- Naran Tuul Market (Black Market): A bustling market where visitors can purchase traditional Mongolian boots, felt items, horse-riding gear, and more.
- GOBI, the world’s largest cashmere store on Sukhbaatar Square: The best place to buy high-quality Mongolian cashmere, offering a wide selection of products at competitive prices.
Dining and Nightlife
Ulaanbaatar has a growing culinary scene, offering both traditional Mongolian cuisine and international options. Some must-visit dining spots include:
- Ayanchin: A great spot in the city center serving delicious Mongolian food along with fresh draft Chinggis Beer.
- The Bull Hot Pot: A fantastic place to enjoy Mongolian-style hot pot, perfect for cold evenings.
- Veranda: An upscale Italian and Mongolian fusion restaurant with a great view of the city.
For nightlife, the city boasts several bars and clubs:
- Hutong: A stylish Chinese restaurant inside the Shangri-La Hotel serving an excellent Beijing duck and other tasty Chinese food.
- Zen Isakaya: A modern Japanese restaurant for any traveler who started to miss the modern metropolitan lifestyle during a trip around the Mongolian countryside.
- La Rosa: Mexican bar and restaurant where the young Mongolians like to hang out after work.
- De Quattro: Modern Italian hidden a bit on a second floor near the Peace Bridge.
Transportation and Getting Around
Ulaanbaatar’s traffic can be congested, but there are several options for getting around:
- Taxis: Available but should be booked through apps like UBCab to avoid overcharging.
- Public Buses: An affordable way to get around, but can be crowded during peak hours.
- Car Rental: For maximum convenience, renting a vehicle from MyCar.Rent allows travelers to explore Ulaanbaatar and beyond at their own pace.
Day Trips from Ulaanbaatar
If you have extra time, consider taking a day trip to these nearby destinations:
- Terelj National Park: Just 70 km from the city, this park offers beautiful landscapes, hiking opportunities, and a chance to stay in a traditional ger.
- Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue: Located about an hour from the city, this massive statue of Genghis Khan is a must-see attraction, offering stunning views from the top. Drive to the Genghis Khan Statue on the way to Terelj National Park. The drive to the Genghis Statue from Ulaanbaatar is about 1-1.5 hours.
- Manzushir Monastery: Nestled in the Bogd Khan Mountain range, this historical monastery site provides a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle and bustle.
Ulaanbaatar is a city of contrasts, where modern life meets ancient traditions. Whether you are exploring its historical sites, indulging in Mongolian cuisine, or preparing for a journey into the countryside, the capital offers an exciting introduction to Mongolia’s rich culture and dynamic future. Check out the one to three weeks itinerary suggestions for longer trips to Mongolia in chapter 15 of this Mongolia travel guide.
Chapter 11: Tuv Aimag and Terelj National Park: The Wilderness Near Ulaanbaatar
Tuv Aimag, the central province surrounding Ulaanbaatar, is home to some of Mongolia’s most easily accessible natural wonders. From the rolling hills and nomadic pastures to the famous Gorkhi-Terelj National Park, this region offers a perfect escape from the city and a gateway to the country’s breathtaking wilderness. Whether you seek adventure, relaxation, or cultural immersion, Tuv Aimag has something for everyone.
Highlights of Tuv Aimag and Terelj National Park
- Gorkhi-Terelj National Park
- One of Mongolia’s most popular national parks, Terelj features stunning rock formations, lush green valleys, and crystal-clear rivers. Visitors can enjoy hiking, horseback riding, and visiting nomadic families.
- Turtle Rock (Melkhii Khad)
- A famous natural rock formation resembling a turtle, this spot is perfect for photography and short hikes.
- Aryabal Meditation Temple
- A peaceful Buddhist temple located on a hilltop in Terelj, offering stunning panoramic views and a place for meditation and reflection.
- Chinggis Khan Equestrian Statue Complex
- Located just outside Terelj, this massive statue of Genghis Khan on horseback stands at 40 meters tall and provides insight into Mongolia’s rich history.
- Zuunmod and Manzushir Monastery
- The capital of Tuv Aimag, Zuunmod, is home to Manzushir Monastery, an ancient Buddhist site surrounded by scenic mountains and forests.
- Khustai National Park
- Famous for being the home of the rare Takhi (Przewalski’s horse), this park is perfect for wildlife lovers and nature enthusiasts.
- Gun-Galuut Nature Reserve
- A stunning conservation area known for its diverse ecosystems, including wetlands, mountains, and steppe landscapes, home to rare species like the Argali sheep.
- Tuul River Valley
- A picturesque area ideal for camping, fishing, and kayaking just outside of Ulaanbaatar.
- Baga Gazriin Chuluu
- A striking granite rock formation in the steppe, offering opportunities for hiking and exploration.
- Elsen Tasarkhai (Mini Gobi)
- A unique stretch of sand dunes located within driving distance of Ulaanbaatar, perfect for camel riding and experiencing a taste of the Gobi without traveling far.
How to Get to Tuv Aimag and Terelj National Park
By Car: The best way to explore Tuv Aimag is by renting a vehicle from MyCar.Rent. The drive from Ulaanbaatar to Terelj takes about 1.5 hours, with well-paved roads leading to the national park.
By Tour: Many local tour operators offer day trips and multi-day excursions to Terelj, including guided hikes and cultural experiences.
Where to Stay in Tuv Aimag and Terelj
- Luxury Ger Camps
- Terelj Lodge and Terelj Resort offer high-end ger accommodations with modern amenities.
- Traditional Ger Camps
- Nomadic family stays and camps such as UB2 Terelj Camp provide a more immersive cultural experience.
- Hotels & Guesthouses
- For those who prefer modern accommodations, Ulaanbaatar has plenty of options, and some small hotels can be found near Terelj.
Best Time to Visit Tuv Aimag and Terelj
- Spring (April – June): Mild temperatures and blooming wildflowers make this an ideal time to visit.
- Summer (July – August): The best time for outdoor activities, though it is also the busiest season.
- Autumn (September – October): Cooler weather with golden landscapes and fewer tourists.
- Winter (November – March): A magical experience with snowy landscapes, perfect for winter sports and photography.
Essential Travel Tips for Tuv Aimag and Terelj
- Pack for Changing Weather: Even in summer, temperatures can drop significantly at night.
- Rent a Reliable Vehicle: MyCar.Rent offers well-maintained vehicles suitable for exploring the region.
- Respect Local Customs: When visiting nomadic families, follow local etiquette, such as accepting food and drinks offered.
- Bring Cash: ATMs are scarce in rural areas, so carry enough cash for your trip.
Tuv Aimag and Gorkhi-Terelj National Park offer an accessible yet immersive Mongolian adventure, making it a must-visit for travelers looking to experience the country’s natural beauty and nomadic heritage.
Chapter 12: Exploring Central Mongolia: Karakorum, Ugii Lake, Orkhon Valley, and Elsen Tasarkhai
Central Mongolia is one of the most historically and culturally significant regions in the country. It is home to ancient cities, scenic landscapes, and some of Mongolia’s most important heritage sites.
1. Karakorum – The Ancient Capital
Karakorum, the former capital of the Mongol Empire, was established by Genghis Khan in the 13th century. While much of the city is in ruins, visitors can explore Erdene Zuu Monastery, the first Buddhist monastery in Mongolia, featuring stunning architecture and historical artifacts. Nearby, the Karakorum Museum provides fascinating insights into the empire’s history. The city also serves as a gateway to many historical and cultural experiences, including traditional Mongolian crafts and arts.
2. Ugii Lake – A Serene Escape
Ugii Lake is a beautiful freshwater lake located in Arkhangai Province. It is a paradise for bird watchers, as it attracts a variety of migratory birds, including swans, geese, and cranes. Visitors can enjoy fishing, kayaking, and staying in ger camps along the lake’s shores. The surrounding area offers scenic trails for hiking and horseback riding, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers.
3. Orkhon Valley – A UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Orkhon Valley is an essential part of Mongolian history and a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site. The valley is dotted with ancient burial sites, petroglyphs, and remnants of old settlements. One of the highlights is the Orkhon Waterfall, a stunning natural wonder formed by volcanic eruptions thousands of years ago. The waterfall is a favorite spot for photography and picnics. Additionally, visitors can explore nearby nomadic camps, experiencing authentic Mongolian hospitality and learning about traditional herding practices.
4. Elsen Tasarkhai – The Mini Gobi
Elsen Tasarkhai, also known as the “Mini Gobi,” is a stunning stretch of sand dunes located near Karakorum. It offers visitors the opportunity to experience the beauty of the desert without traveling deep into the Gobi. Activities here include camel riding, sand dune trekking, and visiting local nomadic families. Nearby, visitors can explore the Khugnu Tarna National Park, which features a combination of sand dunes, mountains, and grasslands, creating a diverse and picturesque landscape.
How to Get to Central Mongolia
By Car: The best way to explore Central Mongolia is by renting a car from MyCar.Rent, which provides affordable and reliable 4×4 vehicles. This allows travelers to drive at their own pace and experience the breathtaking landscapes firsthand.
By Bus: Regular buses operate from Ulaanbaatar to Karakorum, with a journey time of about 6-7 hours. Public transport is an affordable option but offers limited flexibility.
By Tour: Many travel agencies offer guided tours that include transport, accommodations, and cultural experiences.
Where to Stay in Central Mongolia
Ger Camps: Staying in a traditional ger camp is a fantastic way to experience Mongolian hospitality. Recommended camps include Munkh Tenger Ger Camp (near Karakorum), Ugii Lake Ger Camp, and Orkhon Eco Camp.
Hotels: Karakorum has small guesthouses and budget hotels offering basic but comfortable accommodations.
Camping: For adventurers, camping by Ugii Lake or in the Orkhon Valley provides a serene and immersive nature experience. Ensure you bring proper camping gear, as nights can be chilly.
Best Time to Visit Central Mongolia
Spring (April – June): Mild temperatures, lush landscapes, and fewer tourists.
Summer (July – August): Warm weather and vibrant cultural events, but more visitors.
Autumn (September – October): Cool temperatures and golden landscapes make it a fantastic time for photography and trekking.
Winter (November – March): Harsh and cold conditions make travel difficult, though it offers a unique experience for those seeking solitude and winter landscapes.
Essential Travel Tips for Central Mongolia
- Pack Layers: The weather can change rapidly, so bring warm and waterproof clothing.
- Bring Cash: ATMs are scarce outside of Ulaanbaatar, so carry cash in Mongolian Tugrik.
- Plan for Long Drives: Distances between attractions are significant, so ensure you have fuel and supplies.
- Respect Nomadic Culture: If visiting a nomadic family, follow local customs and accept hospitality graciously.
- Navigation: Roads can be rough and unmarked, so having a GPS or offline maps is essential.
Central Mongolia provides a blend of history, nature, and adventure, making it one of the most rewarding regions to explore in the country. Whether you are drawn to ancient ruins, tranquil lakes, or expansive grasslands, this region offers an authentic Mongolian experience unlike any other.
Chapter 13: The Gobi Desert Experience
The Gobi Desert is one of Mongolia’s most famous and awe-inspiring regions. Known for its dramatic landscapes, vast sand dunes, and unique wildlife, it is a must-visit destination for any traveler seeking an unforgettable adventure. The following four locations are the most popular spots on the Gobi and Tsagaan Suvarga or also known as White Stupa is the reason why you should drive and not fly to the Gobi from Ulaanbaatar. In chapter 15 of this Mongolia Travel Guide you will find detailed itineraries covering these locations.
Highlights of the Gobi Desert
1. Flaming Cliffs (Bayanzag)
A world-renowned paleontological site, the Flaming Cliffs are where the first dinosaur eggs were discovered. The red sandstone formations glow brilliantly at sunset, making this a breathtaking sight.
2. Khongoryn Els (Singing Dunes)
The largest sand dunes in Mongolia, stretching for over 100 km, Khongoryn Els is famous for its ‘singing’ sound created when the sand shifts in the wind. Climbing these dunes provides stunning panoramic views.
3. Yolyn Am (Vulture’s Valley)
A deep gorge in the Gurvan Saikhan National Park, Yolyn Am is home to year-round ice fields and a diverse range of wildlife, including ibex and lammergeier vultures. It’s a great place for trekking and nature photography.
4. Tsagaan Suvarga (White Stupa)
A series of eroded cliffs that resemble ancient ruins, Tsagaan Suvarga’s vibrant hues and unique rock formations make it a visually striking destination.
How to Get to the Gobi Desert
- By Air: Daily flights from Ulaanbaatar to Dalanzadgad, the gateway to the Gobi Desert, take around 1.5 hours. Mongolia Travel Guide Pitfall warning: Allowed Luggage on domestic flights is mostly 15kg per person only! Keep this in mind when planning a trip around Mongolia. Furthermore flights often can not land due to wind on many domestic airports and get rerouted to the next province or postponed.
- By Car: The most recommended way to explore the Gobi is through a self-drive adventure. Renting a 4×4 from MyCar.Rent allows travelers to navigate the desert terrain at their own pace while experiencing Mongolia’s breathtaking landscapes. Split the drive into two days and stop on the first day at one of the highlights on the northern edge of the Gobi like Bagaa Gazriin Chuluu, Ikh Gazriin Chuluu or Tsaagan Suvarga White Stupa
Where to Stay in the Gobi
- Ger Camps: Traditional nomadic accommodations provide a unique and immersive experience. Popular options include Gobi Mirage and Mongol Gobi.
- Local Guesthouses: In Dalanzadgad, budget travelers can find small guesthouses offering basic but comfortable stays.
- Nomadic Families: Experiencing the nomadic lifestyle in this dry and harsh environment is an eye opening highlight of any trip to the Gobi Desert. You can stop by a nomadic family or stay over night in their guest yurt to observe 24 hours with them. There are a limited amount of families living in the Gobi Desert. Mongolia Travel Guide Pro Advice: Contact us in advance to arrange authentic nomadic family stays and we will organize them for you in the best way.
- Camping: Camping in the Gobi is stunning and a MUST DO! The climate is warm and mild at night and the stars are AMAZING! Only at a few places in the world you will be able to see the stars as clear as in the Gobi Desert due to its high altitude, low humidity and distance from modern civilization and light. Mongolia Travel Guide Pro Advice: Due to temperature drops most evenings get windy and your tent or rooftop tent should be wind resistant. For roof top tents hardshell tents are a lot better and quieter than soft shell tents. Contact us and we will provide you ideal camping gear for the Gobi.
Best Time to Visit the Gobi
- Spring (April – June): Mild temperatures and lush greenery make this an excellent time to visit.
- Summer (July – August): The warmest months, ideal for exploring but can be hot.
- Autumn (September – October): Cooler weather and stunning golden landscapes.
Essential Travel Tips for the Gobi Desert
- Pack Wisely: Bring sunscreen, hats, and plenty of water to stay hydrated in the desert heat.
- Prepare for Temperature Swings: Nights can be cold even in summer, so bring layers.
- Hire a Guide or Rent a Car: Due to the remote nature of the Gobi, having reliable transportation is crucial. Renting from MyCar.Rent ensures you have a well-equipped vehicle for the journey. Rent a car only from a reliable source that has also mechanical assistance or replacement cars. MyCar.Rent has a workshop in Dalanzadgad.
- Camp Fire: Bring your own firewood that you purchase in local markets or in Ulaanbaatar. Do not cut any trees and do not create any dangerous fire in dry grassland or forrest.
The Gobi Desert is a land of contrasts, offering both adventure and tranquility. Whether you are marveling at ancient fossils, climbing golden sand dunes, or embracing nomadic culture, this extraordinary region will leave you with unforgettable memories.
Chapter 14: Lake Khövsgöl: Mongolia’s Blue Pearl
Lake Khövsgöl is one of Mongolia’s most picturesque destinations, often referred to as the “Blue Pearl” due to its crystal-clear waters. This freshwater lake contains nearly 70% of Mongolia’s fresh water and is surrounded by stunning mountains and dense forests. In chapter 15 of this Mongolia Travel Guide you will find detailed itineraries covering these locations.
1. Activities at Lake Khövsgöl
- Boating & Kayaking – Enjoy the pristine waters by renting a kayak or taking a boat tour.
- Hiking & Horseback Riding – Explore the surrounding forests and hills on foot or horseback.
- Wildlife Watching – The area is home to reindeer, ibex, and various bird species.
2. Reindeer Tribes of the Taiga
The Tsaatan people, Mongolia’s reindeer herders, inhabit the northern regions near Lake Khövsgöl. Visitors can embark on multi-day trips to their settlements and learn about their unique way of life.
3. Best Time to Visit Lake Khövsgöl
The best months to visit Mongolia are June through September when the weather is warm, and the lake is accessible.
4. Best Places to Stay at Lake Khövsgöl
For travelers looking for a comfortable and scenic stay at Lake Khövsgöl, here are five recommended accommodations:
- Toilogt Ger Camp – One of the most popular stays, offering cozy traditional gers right by the lakeshore with stunning sunrise and sunset views.
- Ashihai Tourist Camp – A well-equipped camp with modern facilities while maintaining a traditional Mongolian feel.
- Khatgal Lake Hotel – A great option for those who prefer hotel-style accommodations, offering beautiful lakefront rooms.
- Alagtsar Eco Lodge – An eco-friendly retreat providing an immersive nature experience with sustainable lodging options.
- Art 88 Resort – A stylish, comfortable resort with top-tier hospitality and easy access to outdoor activities.
These accommodations cater to a range of preferences, from luxury stays to authentic nomadic experiences, ensuring a memorable visit to Lake Khövsgöl.
Chapter 15: Western Mongolia – The Untamed Frontier
Western Mongolia is a land of rugged beauty, home to snow-capped mountains, glacial rivers, and an ancient nomadic culture that has remained unchanged for centuries. It is one of the most remote and unspoiled regions of Mongolia, offering travelers an authentic and adventurous experience. This area is famous for its Kazakh eagle hunters, breathtaking alpine scenery, and stunning lakes.
Highlights of Western Mongolia
- Altai Tavan Bogd National Park
- This national park is home to Mongolia’s highest peaks, including Khuiten Peak at 4,374 meters. It offers stunning trekking opportunities and is home to the Tuvan and Kazakh nomads.
- Eagle Hunting in Bayan-Ölgii
- The Kazakh nomads in Bayan-Ölgii province continue the ancient tradition of eagle hunting. The annual Golden Eagle Festival in October showcases this incredible skill.
- Khurgan and Khoton Lakes
- These pristine glacial lakes provide breathtaking views and excellent camping opportunities.
- Tsambagarav National Park
- Known for its snow-covered peaks and diverse wildlife, this area is a paradise for adventure seekers.
- Khar Us Lake National Park
- A stunning freshwater lake surrounded by marshlands, home to diverse bird species.
- Uvs Lake
- A UNESCO-listed biosphere reserve, Uvs Lake is the largest lake in Mongolia and an important bird migration area.
- Petroglyphs of Tsagaan Salaa
- This site features thousands of petroglyphs dating back to the Neolithic period.
- Shiveet Khairkhan Mountain
- A sacred mountain with ancient Turkic stone carvings and breathtaking alpine views.
- Achit Lake
- A remote lake offering a peaceful escape, great for fishing and birdwatching.
- Deluun and the Birthplace of Genghis Khan
- A historically significant site, believed to be the birthplace of Genghis Khan.
Adventures in the Altai Mountains
The Altai Mountains in western Mongolia offer some of the most rugged and breathtaking landscapes in the country. This region is ideal for adventure enthusiasts seeking remote trekking, mountaineering, and cultural encounters with Kazakh eagle hunters. In chapter 15 of this Mongolia Travel Guide you will find detailed itineraries covering these locations.
1. Trekking in the Altai
Popular treks include the journey to Potanin Glacier and the climb to the peak of Tavan Bogd, Mongolia’s highest mountain.
2. Kazakh Eagle Hunters
The Kazakh people of the Altai are famous for their tradition of hunting with golden eagles. Visitors can experience this firsthand and even participate in the Eagle Festival held annually in Bayan-Ölgii.
3. Camping and Wildlife
The Altai region is home to snow leopards, ibex, and various bird species. Camping under the vast, starry sky adds to the magic of exploring this remote area.
How to Get to Western Mongolia
By Air: Domestic flights from Ulaanbaatar to Ulgii (Bayan-Ölgii) or Khovd are the fastest way to reach Western Mongolia.
By Car: For a more immersive experience, travelers can rent a 4×4 from MyCar.Rent and drive through the vast landscapes, though it requires careful planning due to rough terrain.
Where to Stay in Western Mongolia
- Ger Camps: Traditional stays in Bayan-Ölgii offer a unique cultural experience.
- Guesthouses: Small, family-run guesthouses in Ulgii provide affordable accommodations.
- Camping: The best way to experience Western Mongolia’s untouched beauty is by camping under the stars.
Best Time to Visit Western Mongolia
- Summer (June – August): Ideal for trekking, camping, and cultural experiences.
- Autumn (September – October): The best time to witness the Golden Eagle Festival.
- Winter (November – March): Extreme cold but offers a rare chance to see frozen landscapes and winter eagle hunting.
Essential Travel Tips for Western Mongolia
- Pack Warm Clothing: Even in summer, temperatures can be unpredictable.
- Plan for Remote Travel: Bring extra supplies, including food, fuel, and first aid, as facilities are limited.
- Respect Nomadic Customs: The Kazakh people are hospitable, but learning a few local customs can enhance your experience.
- Rent a Reliable 4×4: The terrain is rough, and having a sturdy vehicle is crucial. MyCar.Rent offers well-equipped vehicles for Mongolia’s rugged conditions.
Western Mongolia is a true frontier land, offering one of the most extraordinary travel experiences in the world. Whether you’re climbing the Altai Mountains, watching golden eagles in action, or exploring ancient petroglyphs, this remote region will leave you in awe.
Chapter 16: Cuisine and Local Delicacies
Mongolian cuisine is simple yet hearty, heavily influenced by the country’s nomadic lifestyle.
1. Traditional Dishes
- Buuz – Steamed dumplings filled with minced meat.
- Khuushuur – Deep-fried meat pastries.
- Bansh – Small boiled dumplings, often served in soup.
2. Dairy-Based Foods
- Airag – Fermented mare’s milk, a national drink.
- Aaruul – Dried curd, a popular snack.
- Suutei Tsai – Mongolian salted milk tea.
3. Where to Eat in Mongolia
- Ayanchin Restaurant (Ulaanbaatar) – Serving authentic Mongolian cuisine with fresh draft Chinggis Beer.
- Modern Nomads – A well-known restaurant chain offering traditional dishes with a modern twist.
- The Bull Hotpot – Great for trying Mongolian-style hotpot dishes.
Chapter 17: Sustainable Tourism in Mongolia
As tourism grows, responsible travel is crucial in preserving Mongolia’s natural beauty and cultural heritage.
1. Eco-Friendly Travel Practices
- Stay in eco-lodges and camps that use sustainable resources.
- Follow Leave No Trace principles when camping or hiking.
- Support local businesses by purchasing handmade goods and using local guides.
- For campfires buy prepared firewood, do not cut trees, dig a hole with a spade for the fire spot, place rocks around it, watch the fire and water dry nearby grass, close the hole after your campfire OR use metal campfire holders. Fire inside a forest is not allowed.
- Carry a trash bag on the spare wheel of your car
2. Conservation Efforts
- Wildlife conservation programs protect endangered species like the snow leopard and takhi horses.
- National parks implement eco-tourism initiatives to maintain environmental sustainability.
- Wildlife should not be chased and exhausted by drivers
This comprehensive guide provides everything you need to know to plan a memorable journey through Mongolia in 2025. We hope you have enjoyed reading the Mongolia Travel Guide for 2025 and please send us an email if you have questions or check out this page for more information on Mongolia travel.
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